Sousa, Mariana Abrantes de. 2011. “Managing PPPs for Budget Sustainability: The Case of PPPs in Portugal, from Problems to Solutions.” PPP Lusofonia (blog). October 30.
"Key References: Infrastructure Challenges and How PPPs Can Help - Problems with Infrastructure"
Describes Portugal’s PPP experience, including the rapid adoption of PPP, without strong fiscal control, and the associated fiscal risk. Also considers how better management of PPPs could contribute to resolving Portugal’s external debt problems.